How is a magnetic field formed?

17 Ağu 17:50

Magnetism actually splits into two categories: permanent magnets and electromagnets. In permanent magnets (like iron, nickel, etc.), the magnetic field is created by the spins of electrons, meaning the movement of electrons in the atomic structure of these materials generates a magnetic moment. For example, the attraction at a magnet’s poles comes from the alignment of electron spins inside it, so it stays there continuously. Electric current is a different story: when current flows through a wire, a circular magnetic field forms around the wire, which we call an electromagnet. I recently built an electromagnet for a project—by winding a coil and supplying current, I could create a magnetic field, and I observed this in a very simple experiment. So both magnets and current generate magnetic fields; they just have different sources!