How exactly does aerodynamics in speed skating affect speed? What forces act on the body when gliding over the ice in an athletic stance? How does air resistance change with different body positions and speeds? Are there general tips derived from physics to reduce air resistance? How would you incorporate this concept into your training?
How does aerodynamics affect speed when ice skating?
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Compared to cycling, leaning forward on skates reduces the frontal area coefficient similarly to an aero helmet, as it decreases the angle of attack and thus air resistance; an upright posture increases resistance significantly, much like freestyle skating. In practice, keeping your arms close to your body and slightly lowering your head—similar to sprinting on a road bike—helps shrink the frontal area and boost speed.