Especially understanding the general logic of algorithms like Shor and Grover can be tough. Is there a clear explanation of how quantum parallelism and superposition work? Can you explain the mathematical foundations in simple terms? Based on this, how should practical applications be designed?
How do quantum algorithms work?
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Instead of thinking of Shor's algorithm like a classic algorithm, imagine it as a group of friends trying to guess a secret number. Thanks to superposition, each friend can give a different answer at the same time, and Grover's algorithm filters through these answers to find the correct one. In contrast, a classic search operation would be like asking each friend one by one.