Could someone explain the difference between subtractive synthesis and additive synthesis in terms of how they generate and process signals? I'm particularly interested in the typical signal flow, the role of oscillators and filters, and how each method shapes the timbre. Additionally, what are the practical advantages or limitations when choosing one approach for a new patch? Any diagrams or analogies would be helpful. Looking forward to your insights!
What is the difference between subtractive and additive synthesis?
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I remember my first patch on a cheap analog synth—started with a simple saw wave and let the low-pass filter shape the timbre, which felt exactly like classic subtractive synthesis where the oscillator gives a rich harmonic source and the filter carves out the tone. Later, when I tried a software additive synth, I stacked a few sine-based partials at different frequencies and volumes, tweaking each harmonic individually to build the sound from the ground up. That showed me how additive synthesis builds timbre by adding components rather than subtracting them. Both approaches have their charm: subtractive is quick for classic synth-pop vibes, while additive lets you sculpt exotic tones but can get a bit fiddly.