Smart lights: How do they actually work underneath?

19 Tem 22:00

I'm trying to understand the technology behind smart lighting systems. Are they just regular LED bulbs with Wi-Fi, or is there more to it? Specifically, I'm curious about how communication protocols like Zigbee, Z-Wave, and Thread come into play, and whether the bulbs need a hub. Also, how do they handle offline scenarios like power outages—do they just revert to normal LED behavior? What about color accuracy and dimming? I have questions that go beyond just "turning them on/off via an app."