Smartwatch heart rate sensors typically use optical (PPG) technology. An LED light penetrates the skin and detects changes in blood flow in the capillaries. The waveform of this signal is analyzed to calculate heart rate. More advanced models may also include an ECG feature, which measures electrical activity directly for more accurate results.
How does heart rate measurement work in smartwatches?
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Thanks for sharing! So, do these sensors have a significant impact on battery life when they're running continuously?
As you said, optical sensors (PPG) mostly work fine, and I also trusted Apple Watch’s heart rate measurement after a long workout last month. Even while running for 10 minutes straight, it showed accurate readings—only when I got sweaty did I have to adjust it by touching the screen with my finger.
But when it comes to the ECG feature... I tried it once too, and even on my first attempt, I noticed that as long as you don’t have a pacemaker or serious heart issues, it gives pretty reliable results. Even though I was too lazy to test it on myself, I showed it to my doctor, and he said, "It’s good for daily use."