How do sensors in IoT systems continuously collect data? For example, how does a smart thermostat measure the ambient temperature and transmit it to the cloud? What protocols are involved in data processing—Wi-Fi or something else? How do they handle latency issues? I'm a bit confused.
How do IoT devices collect and process data?
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In the case of a smart thermostat, the sensor first measures the temperature and sends it to the processor. Then, the data is transferred to the cloud service via Wi-Fi, usually using the MQTT protocol because it's lightweight and doesn't maintain a continuous connection. Regarding latency, the local processor quickly prioritizes the data and only sends the necessary parts.