What physical or engineering principles do electric motors use to improve energy efficiency compared to internal combustion engines? Apart from driving style, what factors directly affect efficiency, for example? What innovations exist in minimizing electromagnetic losses?
How do electric motors provide advantages in efficiency?
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Electric motors stand out with efficiencies reaching 90–95% because they minimize not only magnetic losses but also friction and heat losses—I think the biggest factor is the use of superconducting materials that reduce magnetic losses and optimized inverter designs.